The platoon employs the coil, herringbone, and triangle "Y" formations to maintain 360-degree security when stationary. He keeps the commander informed of what he is doing as he executes the COA. d. Traveling (Dismounted). Lord/Heroes: Mount or Leave Dismounted? : r/totalwar - Reddit This frees the platoon leader to concentrate on the subsequent mission, thus enhancing command and control. This gives the platoon the greatest possible flexibility to maneuver and develop the situation. Compared to mounted operations,. Figure 3-3. 3d Cavalry Regiment platoon conducts mounted, dismounted patrol with ANA's 203rd Corps military police. The trail element remains close enough to provide immediate suppressive fire and to maneuver for support. The lead element moves continuously along covered and concealed routes that afford the best available protection from possible enemy observation and direct fire. (3) Pickup Points. The platoon may infiltrate by sections, by teams, or as a complete platoon. The order of march in the column may depend on which organization the platoon will use at the end of the movement; in addition, the lead section may vary based on METT-TC considerations. To establish communications relay capability for a specific period in support of other reconnaissance operations. The difference between mounted riflemen and dragoons was in their weaponry. "It's been incredibly rewarding to see our concepts, analysis, designs and adaptations go so quickly from the whiteboard into the hands of Soldiers.". As the dismounted elements remount, the vehicles use their optics to visually clear the open area again. Physical contact (direct fire) with an enemy force or civilians. The element's formation adjusts to fit the situation. 0000103808 00000 n 0000009697 00000 n (c) Elements not in contact temporarily halt in covered and or concealed positions, monitor the incoming reports, and plot the situation on their maps. PDF The Dismounted Recon Troop - United States Army Figure 3-20. 0000062657 00000 n (g) Conduct Target Handoff. Table 3-2 compares squad formations. (b) If the commander and the S2 have anticipated the enemy situation the reconnaissance platoon is reporting, they will already have addressed the contingency in the OPORD and given guidance to their subordinates on what COA the platoon should execute. The platoon leader ensures that primary and alternate linkup points are not on a single azimuth leading away from the OP or exfiltration route. The platoon leader must use all available optics and other assets, including GSR, to reconnoiter the open area and find a bypass, if applicable. (4) Rally Point. Platoon herringbone formation. Each infiltrating element must develop and rehearse a plan that clearly defines its actions in case of contact with enemy security forces. (d) Maintain Contact to Support a Hasty Attack. The near-side security, controlled by the platoon sergeant, crosses the linear danger area where the platoon crossed. [Fqvh7^%.^M9]GS*Hq`PFIaK|S]!xUf9|nT2yy{M>EJgq&AtOL*E;lMz7*]L[fe:VVZI_ZRHJ6f;>8_U6LB&W{NhvXvCrOxC:.m9h+. Normally, the platoon leader briefs the section leaders on the route and speed and then allows the lead section to control the column movement. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. (c) When physical contact occurs, the reconnaissance platoon employs indirect and direct fires to suppress the enemy while maneuvering to get information. d. Crossing Linear Danger Area (Dismounted). Figure 3-6. %%EOF A reconnaissance section or team makes contact when its dismounted element identifies an enemy force. (3) The far-side security element clears the far side. (U.S. Army photo by 1st U.S. Army Pfc. e. Traveling Overwatch (Dismounted). Figure 3-15. In 2019, the Commanding General, Army Futures Command issued individual Directed Requirements (DR) for the Dismounted Assured Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (A-PNT) System (DAPS), the Mounted A-PNT System (MAPS), and Alternative Navigation (ALTNAV) programs, directing the rapid prototyping, operational assessment, and limited fielding of The platoon must conduct detailed coordination with any adjacent units or friendly elements through which it will pass to ensure these elements do not compromise the reconnaissance platoon as it conducts the infiltration. If time and terrain permit, the platoon should dismount infantry to reconnoiter the movement route and secure the far side of the open area. Some platoon missions may require that rifle squads to operate independently of the BFVs. Examples include large open areas, roads and trails, and bridges or crossing sites over water obstacles. Squad column with fire teams in wedge. 0000002458 00000 n (d) Execute the COA. The platoon leader follows up on the contact report with an initial spot report. (Refer to Chapter 6 of this manual for specific information on the urban environment.). (1) The bounding element must take full advantage of whatever cover and concealment the terrain offers. The platoon leader may ask the company team commander for a copy of the MCOO for his AO. (1) Traveling Overwatch. a. Navigation. PDF Maneuver Leaders' Role in Observation Planning - United States Army This formation uses the two-section organization. The column formation has the following characteristics, advantages, and limitations: Figure 3-1. The DAPS fuses APNT sources and then either displays APNT data on an . There are five formations for platoon mounted movement: column, line, wedge, vee, and echelon. The light reconnaissance formation is undergoing an identity crisis. He ensures that the COA is within the capabilities of the platoon, allows platoon members to continue the reconnaissance as quickly as possible, and supports the commander's concept of the operation. Figure 3-19. If any threat force engages the bounding element with direct fire, the platoon can suppress it at once with its own direct fire. However, the bounding element should never move beyond the range at which the base-of-fire element can effectively suppress known, likely, or suspected enemy positions (2/3 the effective range of the weapon system). Figure 3-1 shows this type of column movement. Wooded areas provide a high degree of concealment to forces that occupy them, particularly infantry forces. Dismounted mission command transforms for expeditionary use (2) Contact with an Unknown or Superior Force. During planning, the leader designates near side and far side rally points. The platoon leadership must keep in perspective that during dismounted operations there is always an information-gathering element and a control and security element (Figures 3-1 and 3-2), and they should resource each operation accordingly. The trail element stays close enough to provide immediate suppressive fire and to maneuver for support. The section or team leader organizes a hasty reconnaissance patrol that attempts to move to the flank or rear of the enemy and observes the enemy position. The coil (Figure 3-5) is used to provide all-round security and observation when the platoon is stationary. They should use radio listening silence except to report contact with enemy forces or to send critical information that the commander has directed them to report immediately. One Size Fits All: the Future of the Scout Platoon and Squad Two-section platoon line formation. It provides for immediate direct fire suppression on an enemy force that engages the bounding element with direct fire. The overwatching element then calls for protective fires and uses an alternate covered and concealed route to move to the rally point. The platoon leader evaluates the situation and decides which formation best suits the mission and situation. The major difference is the speed of travel. The wedge expands and contracts to take advantage of the terrain. FM 71-1 Chapter 3 (continued) - GlobalSecurity.org (a) Deploy and Report. (4) The platoon leader selects the method for the remainder of the platoon use to cross the linear danger area. When expecting contact, the platoon should use the slowest, most secure movement technique (Figure 3-19). When contact is made, the platoon executes battle drills, designated by SOP, to maintain freedom of maneuver and avoid becoming decisively engaged. To enhance awareness, they may have the rifle squads give position updates at regular intervals. 3-2. The reconnaissance platoon uses this technique only when an analysis of METT-TC shows that only one lane is feasible. Figure 3-7. Based on the available information and his commander's intent and guidance, the platoon leader decides to leave one section in contact to support a hasty attack by a supporting MGS platoon. The DAPS enables dismounted Army forces to shoot, move, and communicate in GPS challenged environments. They use the POSNAV capabilities of the C3 subsystem as an enhancement to tactical navigation and not as a replacement. The platoon leader issues appropriate orders directing his subordinates to prepare to support the hasty attack. 83 0 obj <>stream Effectively employed, movement techniques allow the platoon to find and observe threats without being compromised. The coil and herringbone are platoon-level formations employed when elements of the company team are stationary and must maintain 360-degree security. It simplifies maneuver, and it provides good dispersion laterally and in depth without sacrificing control. Dragoon Soldier: Historical Background - National Park Service PPT Convoy Operations and TTPs - Military PPT If the platoon has a hard time linking up at the rally point, then the first element to arrive should mark the rally point with an infrared light source. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Compared to mounted operations, dismounted movement techniques and formations require as muchor moredetail during the planning phase. The purpose of tactical movement is to move units on the battlefield to prepare them for contact with the enemy. It normally maintains contact with the lead element and may stop periodically for better observation. As the dismounted element maneuvers, it is supported by direct fire from the reconnaissance vehicles, by indirect fire called for by the OP, or by both. The lead vehicle advances to a point (first move) where it can support the advance of the overwatch vehicle. It conducts dismounted reconnaissance to get detailed information on enemy dispositions. They get position updates to ensure the forward security element remains on azimuth and within range of supporting direct fires. Groups on different routes may move using different methods of insertion or extraction (for example, one group moves by RVs, another group moves by helicopter, and another moves dismounted). This security technique involves the use of short-duration OPs consisting of mounted or dismounted soldiers with necessary observation equipment. Contact with an unknown or superior force. The Ground Combat Vehicle is an attempt to provide the infantry with an IFV that can carry a full infantry squad of nine men capable of dismounting under fire and defeating the enemy in complex terrain. The platoon always executes the coil from the column or staggered column, using the four-vehicle organization. Crewmen in the bounding element must continuously scan their assigned sectors of observation. 0 Once deployed, the OP maintains surveillance of the avenue of approach until the rest of the reconnaissance element returns. Technology aids, such as the GPS, can assist the sections in location positioning during movement and allow the sections to move using predetermined waypoints as guides. Planning. When not traveling in a column or line, squads travel in file (Figure 3-11). If this occurs, the platoon leader must decide whether to commit additional platoon assets to the contact to develop it further or to adopt a COA based on the information he has discovered to that point. The platoon should also develop SOPs for limited visibility marking to aid in command and control at night. Tinker`Sparked on Twitter: "RT @VincentZephyr: Wishing "Armour Day" to JBC-P equips Soldiers with a satellite network, secure data encryption, a common map, intuitive interface, chat and logistics information. Movement is continuous, and interval and dispersion are maintained between sections as terrain and weather permit. f. Fire Support. (5) The platoon leader ensures accountability and resumes movement at normal speed. The platoon leader moves his element to a covered and concealed hide position where he can maintain effective communications with both subordinate elements and higher headquarters. This chapter focuses on mechanized infantry rifle platoon and squad mounted and dismounted movement techniques, formations, and actions, and the platoon leader's options for moving the platoon tactically. Once the element in contact has developed the situation and the platoon leader has enough information to make a decision, he selects a COA. Comparison of squad formations. Enemy weapons, unknown terrain, and other operational factors all increase the danger. If it has not yet sent a spot report, it initially focuses on getting enough information to send one. d. Lateral or Boundary Routes. Simultaneously, the section or team maintains at least one hasty OP in contact with the enemy. Fighting through the enemy force is the least preferred COA. The company team commander first designates a fixing force to maintain contact with the enemy and assist the remainder of the team during the bypass. Traveling is the fastest but least secure movement technique. Using the components taken from the currently fielded mounted JBC-P system is too cumbersome and heavy for a Soldier to carry for long distances in a rucksack. Whenever possible, the reconnaissance platoon should reconnoiter urban areas from a distance, execute hand-off to follow-on elements, and bypass if possible. In most situations, smaller elements are better able to take advantage of available cover and concealment. a. ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, Md. The platoon leader uses formations for several purposes: to relate one vehicle or squad to another on the ground, to position firepower to support the direct-fire plan, to establish responsibilities for sector security among vehicles or squads, or to aid in the execution of battle drills and directed COAs. The squad or platoon turns 90 degrees to the right or left around the open area and continues to move until it reaches the far side. 0000010085 00000 n They are organized using the four-step process. During individual platoon movement, the platoon leader places a small element forward to allow the platoon to make contact with the smallest element possible. The plan would mandate that the resupply location be specially marked for security and identity purposes. Known as danger areas, these are likely points of enemy contact due both to the platoon's vulnerability and to the cover, concealment, and observation these sites afford to the enemy. In bounding overwatch, one element is always stopped to provide overwatch. If the platoon concentrates, it risks losing its capability to complete its mission and jeopardizing its ability to conduct subsequent missions. In general, infiltrating elements should use digital communications as the primary means of communications. When the leader grants permission, they use covered and concealed routes back to the vehicle positions and remount the vehicles. By enforcing and applying the principles of terrain driving, leaders and drivers, respectively, can enhance security. It affords all-round observation and fields of fire. 0000007423 00000 n The U.S. Army Program Executive Office Command, Control and Communications-Tactical develops, acquires, fields and supports the Army's mission command network to ensure force readiness. The infiltrating elements employ cover, concealment, and stealth to move through gaps templated by the battalion S2 in the enemy array. Exposed sections or teams should maintain minimum silhouette in their vehicles because of the danger from close-in snipers and ambush. It allows the squad leader to control and communicate with the squad while mounted. The system features layered overlays that allow leaders to selectively post overlays based on the tactical situation. The wedge lends itself to immediate mutual support and provides depth; it is very flexible. (1) In planning and executing movement, leaders must consider the fluidity of formations. (3) Combination of Methods. Locating and preparing to occupy base of fire positions, if required. They should search for movement, reflections, smoke, and any irregular shapes or colors indicating camouflage. The platoon maintains relative positioning based on terrain and combat losses.
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